- 1903The Rise
St. Luke Penny Savings Bank opens
Maggie Lena Walker opens the St. Luke Penny Savings Bank in Richmond, Virginia, becoming the first woman of any race to charter and serve as president of a bank in the United States.
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Ocoee Massacre
Election Day. Mose Norman is turned away from the Ocoee, Florida polling place twice. That night a white mob attacks the home of July Perry, lynches him in Orlando, and drives the entire Black population of Ocoee out permanently.
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Timeline data: 159 events across The Ledger. See the full 400-year timeline →